Annie Gaus

Mayor London Breed unveiled a sweeping budget proposal that will help the city recover from the COVID-19 pandemic while tackling deep-rooted issues such as homelessness, she said in a speech on Tuesday.&nbsp;

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Mayor London Breed unveiled a sweeping budget proposal that will help the city recover from the COVID-19 pandemic while tackling deep-rooted issues such as homelessness, she said in a speech on Tuesday.&nbsp;

Speaking at Willie “Woo Woo” Wong Playground in Chinatown, Breed hailed San Francisco’s success in tamping down COVID-19 cases and outlined her budget priorities for the upcoming budget cycle, which include investments in housing and shelter, mental health and overdose response, public safety and newer initiatives such as guaranteed income and childcare.&nbsp;

Speaking at Willie “Woo Woo” Wong Playground in Chinatown, Breed hailed San Francisco’s success in tamping down COVID-19 cases and outlined her budget priorities for the upcoming budget cycle, which include investments in housing and shelter, mental health and overdose response, public safety and newer initiatives such as guaranteed income and childcare.&nbsp;

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<blockquote class="wp-block-quote">“I can finally declare with pride and confidence that we are literally out of the woods," said Mayor London Breed.</blockquote>

<blockquote class="wp-block-quote">“I can finally declare with pride and confidence that we are literally out of the woods,&#8221; said Mayor London Breed.</blockquote>

After more than a year of COVID-19 restrictions, and with local tax revenues significantly <a href="https://www.publiccommentsf.com/post/sf-s-budget-surplus-grows-but-big-risks-remain">weakened as a result</a>, San Francisco is set to receive roughly $650 million in federal aid that makes it possible for the city to balance its budget without laying off public workers. San Francisco operates on a two-year budget cycle, and the Mayor’s office allocated $13.1 billion for the fiscal year ending in June 2022, followed by $12.8 billion the following year.&nbsp;

After more than a year of COVID-19 restrictions, and with local tax revenues significantly <a href="https://www.publiccommentsf.com/post/sf-s-budget-surplus-grows-but-big-risks-remain">weakened as a result</a>, San Francisco is set to receive roughly $650 million in federal aid that makes it possible for the city to balance its budget without laying off public workers. San Francisco operates on a two-year budget cycle, and the Mayor’s office allocated $13.1 billion for the fiscal year ending in June 2022, followed by $12.8 billion the following year.&nbsp;

<figure class="wp-block-image alignwide"><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/HLedKMFCHJYJ0nnJMrgPEockYO3sYFL3aycYLccm7NChoUTRnk_CsaXPZiamD13Rvx87ktjnSzuTimCyWYFQBKW6rQL1JYXvtLjkyj8BsgiU2JxMTLYX04jTi5JTswTzrpcu95yp" alt=""/><figcaption>Mayor London Breed shakes hands with constituents after announcing her proposed city budget for the next two years. | Annie Gaus for Here/Say </figcaption></figure>

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<figure class="wp-block-image alignwide"><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/HLedKMFCHJYJ0nnJMrgPEockYO3sYFL3aycYLccm7NChoUTRnk_CsaXPZiamD13Rvx87ktjnSzuTimCyWYFQBKW6rQL1JYXvtLjkyj8BsgiU2JxMTLYX04jTi5JTswTzrpcu95yp" alt=""/><figcaption>Mayor London Breed shakes hands with constituents after announcing her proposed city budget for the next two years. | Annie Gaus for Here/Say </figcaption></figure>

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-expanding-public-safety">Expanding Public Safety</h2>

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<h2 id="h-expanding-public-safety">Expanding Public Safety</h2>

Amid a spate of attacks on seniors and Asian-American residents, Breed touted several new programs aimed at expanding public safety—with and without police officers.&nbsp;

Amid a spate of attacks on seniors and Asian-American residents, Breed touted several new programs aimed at expanding public safety—with and without police officers.&nbsp;

Breed noted high turnover in San Francisco’s police department, saying that about 80 of San Francisco’s 2200 police officers leave the force annually. Breed proposed two new academy classes to &#8220;keep our ranks stable,” allow consistent beat patrols in neighborhoods <a href="https://www.publiccommentsf.com/post/san-francisco-to-boost-police-safety-patrols-in-tenderloin-and-mid-market">such as the Tenderloin</a> and make the <a href="https://www.sanfranciscopolice.org/your-sfpd/published-reports/demographics">department more diverse</a>.

Breed noted high turnover in San Francisco’s police department, saying that about 80 of San Francisco’s 2200 police officers leave the force annually. Breed proposed two new academy classes to "keep our ranks stable,” allow consistent beat patrols in neighborhoods <a href="https://www.publiccommentsf.com/post/san-francisco-to-boost-police-safety-patrols-in-tenderloin-and-mid-market">such as the Tenderloin</a> and make the <a href="https://www.sanfranciscopolice.org/your-sfpd/published-reports/demographics">department more diverse</a>.

Breed noted high turnover in San Francisco’s police department, saying that about 80 of San Francisco’s 2200 police officers leave the force annually. Breed proposed two new academy classes to &#8220;keep our ranks stable,” allow consistent beat patrols in neighborhoods <a href="https://www.publiccommentsf.com/post/san-francisco-to-boost-police-safety-patrols-in-tenderloin-and-mid-market">such as the Tenderloin</a> and make the <a href="https://www.sanfranciscopolice.org/your-sfpd/published-reports/demographics">department more diverse</a>.

The Mayor’s proposed budget also includes $65 million over two years to fund non-police interventions, including community-based patrols, a “safety ambassador” program <a href="https://www.publiccommentsf.com/post/plan-to-revive-san-francisco-s-deserted-downtown-takes-shape">planned for downtown and Union Square</a>, and a new Office of Justice Innovation dedicated to crafting non-police responses to safety concerns. Breed also hopes to expand so-called <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/02/us/mental-health-police-response-go-there/index.html">street crisis response teams</a>—who assist individuals in distress in lieu of police officers—from seven planned response teams to 14 total.&nbsp;

The Mayor’s proposed budget also includes $65 million over two years to fund non-police interventions, including community-based patrols, a “safety ambassador” program <a href="https://www.publiccommentsf.com/post/plan-to-revive-san-francisco-s-deserted-downtown-takes-shape">planned for downtown and Union Square</a>, and a new Office of Justice Innovation dedicated to crafting non-police responses to safety concerns. Breed also hopes to expand so-called <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/02/us/mental-health-police-response-go-there/index.html">street crisis response teams</a>—who assist individuals in distress in lieu of police officers—from seven planned response teams to 14 total.&nbsp;

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-tackling-homelessness">Tackling Homelessness</h2>

<h2 id="h-tackling-homelessness">Tackling Homelessness</h2>

With $1 billion in federal, state and local funding, Breed aims to dramatically reduce homelessness by expanding housing and shelter options alongside behavioral health services.

With $1 billion in federal, state and local funding, Breed aims to dramatically reduce homelessness by expanding housing and shelter options alongside behavioral health services.

“We have the chance to make a fundamental change,” said Breed, saying that her proposal will help steer more unhoused people into permanent, stable housing while reducing the number of unsanctioned encampments on the street. According to a public dashboard circulated by the Mayor’s office, the number of tents <a href="https://www.publiccommentsf.com/post/sf-tents-drop-to-pre-pandemic-levels-but-homelessness-challenges-loom">dropped by about two-thirds</a> between April 2020 and April 2021.&nbsp;

“We have the chance to make a fundamental change,” said Breed, saying that her proposal will help steer more unhoused people into permanent, stable housing while reducing the number of unsanctioned encampments on the street. According to a public dashboard circulated by the Mayor’s office, the number of tents <a href="https://www.publiccommentsf.com/post/sf-tents-drop-to-pre-pandemic-levels-but-homelessness-challenges-loom">dropped by about two-thirds</a> between April 2020 and April 2021.&nbsp;

Under a <a href="https://data.sfgov.org/stories/s/Homelessness-Recovery-Plan/jgih-75eg#:~:text=In%20July%202020%2C%20Mayor%20London,account%20our%20most%20vulnerable%20residents.">homelessness recovery plan</a> published last year, Breed aims to add at least 6,000 new placements—a combination of shelters, supportive housing and alternative sites—and fund the “largest expansion of permanent supportive housing in over 20 years.”&nbsp;

Under a <a href="https://data.sfgov.org/stories/s/Homelessness-Recovery-Plan/jgih-75eg#:~:text=In%20July%202020%2C%20Mayor%20London,account%20our%20most%20vulnerable%20residents.">homelessness recovery plan</a> published last year, Breed aims to add at least 6,000 new placements—a combination of shelters, supportive housing and alternative sites—and fund the “largest expansion of permanent supportive housing in over 20 years.”&nbsp;

In the upcoming budget cycle, Breed also hopes to fund 640 new treatment beds for substance use and behavioral health issues, boost case management and support services and expand operations at San Francisco’s Behavioral Health Access Center, which serves as an entry point for the city’s addiction treatment and mental health care systems.&nbsp;&nbsp;

In the upcoming budget cycle, Breed also hopes to fund 640 new treatment beds for substance use and behavioral health issues, boost case management and support services and expand operations at San Francisco’s Behavioral Health Access Center, which serves as an entry point for the city’s addiction treatment and mental health care systems.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Funding An ‘Equitable Recovery’

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-funding-an-equitable-recovery">Funding An ‘Equitable Recovery’</h2>

<h2 id="h-funding-an-equitable-recovery">Funding An ‘Equitable Recovery’</h2>

Breed’s budget proposal includes $477 million in spending over the next two years for initiatives intended to accelerate the city’s economic recovery and increase opportunities for communities hit particularly hard by the pandemic.&nbsp;

Breed’s budget proposal includes $477 million in spending over the next two years for initiatives intended to accelerate the city’s economic recovery and increase opportunities for communities hit particularly hard by the pandemic.&nbsp;

With the goal of driving an “equitable recovery,” Breed plans to continue funding the <a href="https://sf-hrc.org/sites/default/files/Dream%20Keeper%20Initiative_One%20Pager.pdf">Dream Keepers</a> initiative, <a href="https://sf-hrc.org/city-fund-reallocation-dream-keeper-initiative">a program</a> created last year in the wake of the George Floyd protests, that seeks to reallocate $120 million from law enforcement funding to San Francisco’s Black and African-American communities.&nbsp;

With the goal of driving an “equitable recovery,” Breed plans to continue funding the <a href="https://sf-hrc.org/sites/default/files/Dream%20Keeper%20Initiative_One%20Pager.pdf">Dream Keepers</a> initiative, <a href="https://sf-hrc.org/city-fund-reallocation-dream-keeper-initiative">a program</a> created last year in the wake of the George Floyd protests, that seeks to reallocate $120 million from law enforcement funding to San Francisco’s Black and African-American communities.&nbsp;

The Mayor’s budget also includes funding for job training programs, child care for women re-entering the workforce after the pandemic and a planned expansion of the city’s universal basic income pilot, which is currently <a href="https://sf-hrc.org/city-fund-reallocation-dream-keeper-initiative">targeted at local artists</a> affected by the pandemic. Breed also hopes to allocate $144 million to “lay the groundwork” for a universal childcare program in San Francisco, including childcare subsidies, workforce compensation for providers, child health and wellbeing programs, and mental health support for students.

The Mayor’s budget also includes funding for job training programs, child care for women re-entering the workforce after the pandemic and a planned expansion of the city’s universal basic income pilot, which is currently <a href="https://sf-hrc.org/city-fund-reallocation-dream-keeper-initiative">targeted at local artists</a> affected by the pandemic. Breed also hopes to allocate $144 million to “lay the groundwork” for a universal childcare program in San Francisco, including childcare subsidies, workforce compensation for providers, child health and wellbeing programs, and mental health support for students.

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-budget-process">The Budget Process </h2>

<h2 id="h-the-budget-process">The Budget Process </h2>

The Mayor and the Board of Supervisors will spend the next several weeks <a href="https://sfbos.org/sites/default/files/Budget_Hearing_Calendar.pdf">debating and revising the budget</a>, with Supervisors expected to release their budget priorities on June 8.

The Mayor and the Board of Supervisors will spend the next several weeks <a href="https://sfbos.org/sites/default/files/Budget_Hearing_Calendar.pdf">debating and revising the budget</a>, with Supervisors expected to release their budget priorities on June 8.

Alongside Breed’s speech on Tuesday, the San Francisco Controller’s Office released a <a href="https://sfcontroller.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Budget/AAO%20FY2021-22%20%26%20FY2022-23%20-%20INTERIM%20MAYOR%20-%202021-05-27%201430%20FINAL.pdf">full, 315-page breakdown</a> of the proposed two-year budget.&nbsp;

Alongside Breed’s speech on Tuesday, the San Francisco Controller’s Office released a <a href="https://sfcontroller.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Budget/AAO%20FY2021-22%20%26%20FY2022-23%20-%20INTERIM%20MAYOR%20-%202021-05-27%201430%20FINAL.pdf">full, 315-page breakdown</a> of the proposed two-year budget.&nbsp;

Over the next month, individual city departments will present their own budgets, and budget analysts will issue reports for review by policymakers. The public will have an opportunity to weigh in at a hearing scheduled for June 25.

Over the next month, individual city departments will present their own budgets, and budget analysts will issue reports for review by policymakers. The public will have an opportunity to weigh in at a hearing scheduled for June 25.

Final budget deliberations will begin at the end of June, and Breed will sign the budget by August 1.

Final budget deliberations will begin at the end of June, and Breed will sign the budget by August 1.

Mayor Breed unveils $13B budget plan aimed at ‘equitable recovery’

Sophie Bearman

Lani Chan

On September 9, 2020, San Francisco woke up to a blood-orange sky as a result of a <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2020-10-04/record-breaking-california-wildfires-surpass-4-million-acres" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">record-setting wildfire season</a> in the western United States. An unprecedented <a href="https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">4.2 million acres burned</a> across California in 2020, almost double the acreage scorched in the 2019 season.&nbsp;

On September 9, 2020, San Francisco woke up to a blood-orange sky as a result of a <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2020-10-04/record-breaking-california-wildfires-surpass-4-million-acres" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">record-setting wildfire season</a> in the western United States. An unprecedented <a href="https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">4.2 million acres burned</a> across California in 2020, almost double the acreage scorched in the 2019 season.&nbsp;

San Francisco was spared structural damages. But air pollution from fires meant that the city’s air quality quickly became <a href="https://abc7news.com/bay-area-air-quality-monday-california-worst-in-the-world-when-will-improve-oregon/6422415/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">among the worst in the world</a>, kindling a record number of <a href="https://www.sparetheair.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Spare the Air</a> alerts in a single year. Residents were <a href="https://www.sfdph.org/dph/files/ig/FAQ-Wildfire-Smoke.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">advised</a> to remain indoors with windows closed and air purifiers running.&nbsp;

San Francisco was spared structural damages. But air pollution from fires meant that the city’s air quality quickly became <a href="https://abc7news.com/bay-area-air-quality-monday-california-worst-in-the-world-when-will-improve-oregon/6422415/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">among the worst in the world</a>, kindling a record number of <a href="https://www.sparetheair.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Spare the Air</a> alerts in a single year. Residents were <a href="https://www.sfdph.org/dph/files/ig/FAQ-Wildfire-Smoke.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">advised</a> to remain indoors with windows closed and air purifiers running.&nbsp;

Wildfire risk is <a href="https://www.vox.com/22527757/wildfires-heat-wave-drought-california-arizona-utah-colorado-climate" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">expected to be severe</a> again this season due to an unusually dry winter.

Wildfire risk is <a href="https://www.vox.com/22527757/wildfires-heat-wave-drought-california-arizona-utah-colorado-climate" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">expected to be severe</a> again this season due to an unusually dry winter.

For some San Francisco residents, wildfire smoke creates disproportionate challenges due to pre-existing conditions such as asthma or other barriers like poverty or lack of housing.

For some San Francisco residents, wildfire smoke creates disproportionate challenges due to pre-existing conditions such as asthma or other barriers like poverty or lack of housing.

Bayview resident Tiffany Williams, a volunteer with environmental justice group Greenaction, believes the city could be doing more to protect its most vulnerable populations from air pollution caused by fires. Williams says she doesn’t have an air purifier, though she is hoping a friend will loan her one soon.

Bayview resident Tiffany Williams, a volunteer with environmental justice group Greenaction, believes the city could be doing more to protect its most vulnerable populations from air pollution caused by fires. Williams says she doesn’t have an air purifier, though she is hoping a friend will loan her one soon.

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://content.sfstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/15.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-7445"/><figcaption>Bayview resident and Greenaction volunteer Tiffany Williams. | Photo by Lani Chan</figcaption></figure>

In the meantime, “it’s just like—we just live. There’s nothing we can do. If you can afford one, it’d be great to go and get one. But it’s not a necessity that everyone has that they can afford in the household,” she said.&nbsp;

In the meantime, “it’s just like—we just live. There’s nothing we can do. If you can afford one, it’d be great to go and get one. But it’s not a necessity that everyone has that they can afford in the household,” she said.&nbsp;

“Maybe there should be something to help the people that can’t afford it,” Williams added.

“Maybe there should be something to help the people that can’t afford it,” Williams added.

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-dangers-of-wildfire-smoke">The dangers of wildfire smoke</h2>

<h2 id="h-the-dangers-of-wildfire-smoke">The dangers of wildfire smoke</h2>

Though the effects of wildfire smoke are still being studied, a growing body of research suggests that smoke from blazes <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/wildfire-smoke-blowing-across-country-more-toxic-than-we-thought" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">sickens and can even kill</a>.

Though the effects of wildfire smoke are still being studied, a growing body of research suggests that smoke from blazes <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/wildfire-smoke-blowing-across-country-more-toxic-than-we-thought" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">sickens and can even kill</a>.

Exposure to smoke is associated with health issues including <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/21/wildfire-smoke-air-hazardous-toxic-metals-study-california" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">lead poisoning</a>, severe asthma flare-ups and increased <a href="https://apnews.com/article/science-health-fires-environment-and-nature-coronavirus-pandemic-891670696ad87c9854ddb2c19861818a" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">vulnerability to COVID-19</a>, as well as long-term effects such as heart disease and cancer.

Exposure to smoke is associated with health issues including <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/21/wildfire-smoke-air-hazardous-toxic-metals-study-california" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">lead poisoning</a>, severe asthma flare-ups and increased <a href="https://apnews.com/article/science-health-fires-environment-and-nature-coronavirus-pandemic-891670696ad87c9854ddb2c19861818a" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">vulnerability to COVID-19</a>, as well as long-term effects such as heart disease and cancer.

The component of wildfire smoke that experts worry most about is <a href="https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/particulate-matter-pm-basics" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">microscopic particulate matter</a> known as PM2.5. These tiny particles can lodge deep in the lungs or pass into the bloodstream, causing toxic effects and inflammation leading to worsening disease symptoms.&nbsp;

The component of wildfire smoke that experts worry most about is <a href="https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/particulate-matter-pm-basics" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">microscopic particulate matter</a> known as PM2.5. These tiny particles can lodge deep in the lungs or pass into the bloodstream, causing toxic effects and inflammation leading to worsening disease symptoms.&nbsp;

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://content.sfstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/9.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-7370"/><figcaption>A view of downtown San Francisco from Bayview-Hunters Point. | Photo by Lani Chan</figcaption></figure>

Elderly people, children, individuals with pre-existing conditions, pregnant women and the homeless are all particularly vulnerable to harm from poor air quality, according to Dr. Naveena Bobba, San Francisco’s deputy director of health.

Elderly people, children, individuals with pre-existing conditions, pregnant women and the homeless are all particularly vulnerable to harm from poor air quality, according to Dr. Naveena Bobba, San Francisco’s deputy director of health.

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-how-to-deal-with-smoky-air">How to deal with smoky air</h2>

<h2 id="h-how-to-deal-with-smoky-air">How to deal with smoky air</h2>

Health experts advise staying indoors with windows and doors closed if the <a href="https://www.airnow.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Air Quality Index</a> is greater than 150 for the general public or 100 for sensitive groups, and running air purifiers.

Health experts advise staying indoors with windows and doors closed if the <a href="https://www.airnow.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Air Quality Index</a> is greater than 150 for the general public or 100 for sensitive groups, and running air purifiers.

Bobba also emphasized preparedness.

“We know a wildfire event is generally more than one day. So making sure people are prepared—that they have food and water at home. All those kinds of planning efforts will make a difference,” she said.

“We know a wildfire event is generally more than one day. So making sure people are prepared—that they have food and water at home. All those kinds of planning efforts will make a difference,” she said.

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://content.sfstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-7421"/><figcaption>Smoke from nearby wildfires can blow into San Francisco, carried by the Diablo winds. | Photo by Getty Images</figcaption></figure>

In 2018, following the deadly Camp Fire, San Francisco’s Air Quality Index was over 150 for 12 consecutive days, peaking at 228.

In 2018, following the deadly Camp Fire, San Francisco’s Air Quality Index was over 150 for 12 consecutive days, peaking at 228.

At a <a href="https://sfbos.org/sites/default/files/psn072221_agenda.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Board of Supervisors hearing</a> on July 22, a handful of city agencies including the Department of Public Health, Department of Emergency Management and Department of Homelessness detailed their plans for the 2021 wildfire season.

At a <a href="https://sfbos.org/sites/default/files/psn072221_agenda.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Board of Supervisors hearing</a> on July 22, a handful of city agencies including the Department of Public Health, Department of Emergency Management and Department of Homelessness detailed their plans for the 2021 wildfire season.

Their efforts include a mixture of emergency communication methods, city-operated weather relief centers and partnerships with community-based organizations.

Their efforts include a mixture of emergency communication methods, city-operated weather relief centers and partnerships with community-based organizations.

On bad air quality days, San Francisco also makes N95 masks available for its vulnerable unsheltered homeless population, as well as for others “that potentially don’t have access to them,” according to Dr. Bobba. In 2020, more than 700 masks were distributed for this purpose.

On bad air quality days, San Francisco also makes N95 masks available for its vulnerable unsheltered homeless population, as well as for others “that potentially don’t have access to them,” according to Dr. Bobba. In 2020, more than 700 masks were distributed for this purpose.

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://content.sfstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/5.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-7382"/><figcaption>The Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood is highly exposed to heat and air pollution, according to a 2014 San Francisco report. | Photo by Lani Chan</figcaption></figure>

But broadly speaking, the onus is on individuals to follow health recommendations to the best of their abilities.

But broadly speaking, the onus is on individuals to follow health recommendations to the best of their abilities.

“The more that we can do as a society to stem the tide of climate change—that will make a difference in the long term. In the shorter term, it is really preparing people for these episodes so that they can stay home during them,” said Bobba.

“The more that we can do as a society to stem the tide of climate change—that will make a difference in the long term. In the shorter term, it is really preparing people for these episodes so that they can stay home during them,” said Bobba.

Disproportionate impact on at-risk communities

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-disproportionate-impact-on-at-risk-communities">Disproportionate impact on at-risk communities</h2>

<h2 id="h-disproportionate-impact-on-at-risk-communities">Disproportionate impact on at-risk communities</h2>

Some San Franciscans feel the city should do more to protect&nbsp;at-risk residents from wildfires.

Some San Franciscans feel the city should do more to protect&nbsp;at-risk residents from wildfires.

“At this point—fires—we have to expect them almost every year,” said Dalila Adofo, an organizer with Greenaction. “There should be no reason why there’s no preparation, especially for people who do not have access to expensive things that can help.”

“At this point—fires—we have to expect them almost every year,” said Dalila Adofo, an organizer with Greenaction. “There should be no reason why there’s no preparation, especially for people who do not have access to expensive things that can help.”

Smoke from blazes is especially threatening for San Francisco’s Black residents, who suffer from higher-than-average rates of respiratory diseases. According to a <a href="https://sfgov.org/sfc/sites/default/files/Asthma/2016%20CHNA%20Asthma%20%281%29.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">report</a> by the San Francisco Health Improvement Partnership, asthma hospitalization rates are almost nine times higher among the city’s Black residents than white residents.

Smoke from blazes is especially threatening for San Francisco’s Black residents, who suffer from higher-than-average rates of respiratory diseases. According to a <a href="https://sfgov.org/sfc/sites/default/files/Asthma/2016%20CHNA%20Asthma%20%281%29.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">report</a> by the San Francisco Health Improvement Partnership, asthma hospitalization rates are almost nine times higher among the city’s Black residents than white residents.

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://content.sfstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-7400"/><figcaption>An aerial shot of San Francisco on Sept. 9, 2020. | Photo by Jarami Bond</figcaption></figure>

Bayview-Hunters Point is also highly exposed to air pollution, according to a <a href="https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/Files/Planning%20and%20Research/CARE%20Program/Documents/CARE_Retrospective_April2014.ashx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">2014 report</a> from the Planning Department, Department of Public Health and Bay Area Air Quality Management District. SOMA, Central Market/Tenderloin and the Financial District are similarly highly exposed.

Bayview-Hunters Point is also highly exposed to air pollution, according to a <a href="https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/Files/Planning%20and%20Research/CARE%20Program/Documents/CARE_Retrospective_April2014.ashx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">2014 report</a> from the Planning Department, Department of Public Health and Bay Area Air Quality Management District. SOMA, Central Market/Tenderloin and the Financial District are similarly highly exposed.

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-unequal-access-to-air-purifiers">Unequal access to air purifiers</h2>

<h2 id="h-unequal-access-to-air-purifiers">Unequal access to air purifiers</h2>

In particular, Adofo wonders why the city isn’t offering at-need residents loans or vouchers for portable air purifiers, especially since those residents may not want to leave their homes and pets to travel to relief sites.

In particular, Adofo wonders why the city isn’t offering at-need residents loans or vouchers for portable air purifiers, especially since those residents may not want to leave their homes and pets to travel to relief sites.

In 2020, Ashland, Oregon used grant money to <a href="https://www.kdrv.com/content/news/City-of-Ashland-to-buy-air-purifiers-for-smoke-vulnerable-residents-569646891.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">purchase air purifiers</a> for “smoke-vulnerable” residents. Since 2017, the Missoula, Montana-based nonprofit Climate Smart has also <a href="https://khn.org/news/when-wildfire-smoke-pollutes-indoor-air-who-pays-for-air-filters-to-guard-public-health/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">distributed air purifiers</a> to residents who can’t easily afford one.

In 2020, Ashland, Oregon used grant money to <a href="https://www.kdrv.com/content/news/City-of-Ashland-to-buy-air-purifiers-for-smoke-vulnerable-residents-569646891.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">purchase air purifiers</a> for “smoke-vulnerable” residents. Since 2017, the Missoula, Montana-based nonprofit Climate Smart has also <a href="https://khn.org/news/when-wildfire-smoke-pollutes-indoor-air-who-pays-for-air-filters-to-guard-public-health/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">distributed air purifiers</a> to residents who can’t easily afford one.

Francis Zamora, chief of staff at the Department of Emergency Management, told Here/Say that the city needs more solutions for portable air filters.

Francis Zamora, chief of staff at the Department of Emergency Management, told Here/Say that the city needs more solutions for portable air filters.

“What we’ve learned is that when governments set up weather relief centers, by and large people don’t go,” Zamora said. “Why would you leave your own shelter and go to a community center? So we’ve seen very low usage.”

“What we’ve learned is that when governments set up weather relief centers, by and large people don’t go,” Zamora said. “Why would you leave your own shelter and go to a community center? So we’ve seen very low usage.”

The city is looking at ways to make these sites more attractive to residents, including solutions like providing transportation to and from the sites or identifying certain sites that allow pets or more personal belongings, citing successes in Portland and Seattle where similar solutions were implemented.

The city is looking at ways to make these sites more attractive to residents, including solutions like providing transportation to and from the sites or identifying certain sites that allow pets or more personal belongings, citing successes in Portland and Seattle where similar solutions were implemented.

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://content.sfstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/7.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-7433"/><figcaption>During poor air quality days, the city opens respite sites at the Southeast Community Facility and Bayview YMCA, among other locations. | Photo by Lani Chan</figcaption></figure>

Meanwhile, Williams says air purifiers—which can run in the hundreds of dollars—are unaffordable for most of the Bayview-Hunters Point community where she lives.

Meanwhile, Williams says air purifiers—which can run in the hundreds of dollars—are unaffordable for most of the Bayview-Hunters Point community where she lives.

“It’s not something that we go and get. We go to Costco and get groceries. We go get the milk, we go get the cereal, whatever it is. We don’t just go in there and buy an air purifier,” she said.

“It’s not something that we go and get. We go to Costco and get groceries. We go get the milk, we go get the cereal, whatever it is. We don’t just go in there and buy an air purifier,” she said.

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-lessons-from-covid-19">Lessons from COVID-19</h2>

<h2 id="h-lessons-from-covid-19">Lessons from COVID-19</h2>

The impact of wildfire smoke, like the impact of COVID, is disparate. Some of the communities most impacted by COVID-19 are likely to be vulnerable to wildfire smoke as well, said District 6 Supervisor Matt Haney, who called the wildfire hearing.

The impact of wildfire smoke, like the impact of COVID, is disparate. Some of the communities most impacted by COVID-19 are likely to be vulnerable to wildfire smoke as well, said District 6 Supervisor Matt Haney, who called the wildfire hearing.

“We need to leverage the lessons learned from our COVID-19 response to build into our wildfire preparation plans and ensure that there is a long-term plan for how we are taking care of the most vulnerable,” Haney said.

“We need to leverage the lessons learned from our COVID-19 response to build into our wildfire preparation plans and ensure that there is a long-term plan for how we are taking care of the most vulnerable,” Haney said.

Bobba said that the relationships and infrastructure built during last year’s emergency COVID-19 response will come in handy in the city’s response to wildfire smoke.&nbsp;

Bobba said that the relationships and infrastructure built during last year’s emergency COVID-19 response will come in handy in the city’s response to wildfire smoke.&nbsp;

“A lot of our learnings from the COVID pandemic will definitely inform our fire quality, climate change and heat responses as well,” said Bobba. “All of the relationships that we’ve developed through COVID with our community-based partners will really help strengthen their responses.”

“A lot of our learnings from the COVID pandemic will definitely inform our fire quality, climate change and heat responses as well,” said Bobba. “All of the relationships that we’ve developed through COVID with our community-based partners will really help strengthen their responses.”

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-next-steps">Next steps</h2>

In the meantime, however, some residents are taking matters into their own hands: As part of an initiative called the <a href="https://greenaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/AB-617-Air-Monitoring-Factsheet-Final.pdf">Bayview Hunters Point Community Air Monitoring Project</a>, Adofo and Williams are working to install ten air monitors throughout Bayview-Hunters Point to measure levels of particulate matter.

In the meantime, however, some residents are taking matters into their own hands: As part of an initiative called the <a href="https://greenaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/AB-617-Air-Monitoring-Factsheet-Final.pdf">Bayview Hunters Point Community Air Monitoring Project</a>, Adofo and Williams are working to install ten air monitors throughout Bayview-Hunters Point to measure levels of particulate matter.

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://content.sfstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/11.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-7391"/><figcaption>Dalila Adofo and Tiffany Williams install an air monitor in Bayview-Hunters Point. | Photo by Lani Chan</figcaption></figure>

In addition to monitoring air quality, the project will issue alerts to residents and educate the community on how to file pollution complaints. They hope the data from the project will influence future policymaking.&nbsp;

In addition to monitoring air quality, the project will issue alerts to residents and educate the community on how to file pollution complaints. They hope the data from the project will influence future policymaking.&nbsp;

“People can go and actually look at the statistics,” said Williams. “It’s hard and concrete. And sometimes that’s what you need to solidify it. I think the website and the air monitors really will help.”

“People can go and actually look at the statistics,” said Williams. “It’s hard and concrete. And sometimes that’s what you need to solidify it. I think the website and the air monitors really will help.”

“The goal is for nobody to have to be resilient,” added Adofo. “Hopefully we can get to a place where people just are happy and are thriving and don’t have to survive or overcome. Hopefully, this data will just make our argument that much stronger.”

“The goal is for nobody to have to be resilient,” added Adofo. “Hopefully we can get to a place where people just are happy and are thriving and don’t have to survive or overcome. Hopefully, this data will just make our argument that much stronger.”

Video by <a href="http://www.lanijessicachan.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lani Chan</a>.

Video by <a href="http://www.lanijessicachan.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lani Chan</a>.

As fire season looms, some SF residents call for more assistance

It’s been a rollercoaster few months for academically competitive <a href="https://www.sfusd.edu/school/lowell-high-school">Lowell High School</a>. In January, it became <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/27/us/san-francisco-schools-lincoln-feinstein.html">one of 44 schools</a> slated for renaming by the San Francisco Unified School District (<a href="https://www.sfusd.edu/">SFUSD</a>). That same month, racist and anti-Semitic messages posted on a virtual bulletin board <a href="https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/students-denounce-rampant-unchecked-racism-at-lowell-after-slurs-flood-anti-racism-lesson/">rocked the school’s campus</a>. This week, its merit-based admissions process could <a href="https://www.sfchronicle.com/education/article/S-F-school-board-leans-toward-permanently-15919996.php">be permanently replaced</a> by a lottery system.

It’s been a rollercoaster few months for academically competitive <a href="https://www.sfusd.edu/school/lowell-high-school">Lowell High School</a>. In January, it became <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/27/us/san-francisco-schools-lincoln-feinstein.html">one of 44 schools</a> slated for renaming by the San Francisco Unified School District (<a href="https://www.sfusd.edu/">SFUSD</a>). That same month, racist and anti-Semitic messages posted on a virtual bulletin board <a href="https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/students-denounce-rampant-unchecked-racism-at-lowell-after-slurs-flood-anti-racism-lesson/">rocked the school’s campus</a>. This week, its merit-based admissions process could <a href="https://www.sfchronicle.com/education/article/S-F-school-board-leans-toward-permanently-15919996.php">be permanently replaced</a> by a lottery system.

Now, a <a href="https://familiesforsanfrancisco.com/gallery/SFUSD%20High%20School%20Culture-Climate%20Survey%20Data%20Analysis.pdf">new analysis</a> from advocacy group <a href="https://familiesforsanfrancisco.com/">Families for San Francisco</a> raises questions about whether the change to Lowell’s admissions criteria is being pushed through too quickly without careful analysis of already-existing data.

Now, a <a href="https://familiesforsanfrancisco.com/gallery/SFUSD%20High%20School%20Culture-Climate%20Survey%20Data%20Analysis.pdf">new analysis</a> from advocacy group <a href="https://familiesforsanfrancisco.com/">Families for San Francisco</a> raises questions about whether the change to Lowell’s admissions criteria is being pushed through too quickly without careful analysis of already-existing data.

The <a href="https://www.sfchronicle.com/education/article/Debate-about-elitism-at-S-F-s-Lowell-High-15917176.php">divisive admissions proposal</a> heads to the school board today for a vote.

The <a href="https://www.sfchronicle.com/education/article/Debate-about-elitism-at-S-F-s-Lowell-High-15917176.php">divisive admissions proposal</a> heads to the school board today for a vote.

The school board submitted the fast-tracked <a href="https://go.boarddocs.com/ca/sfusd/Board.nsf/files/BXSNFF5F9E6B/$file/Collins%20Lowell%202_Feb%202021.pdf">resolution</a> in response to what they identify as ongoing and pervasive issues of racism and equity at Lowell. The resolution states that “Black, Latinx, and Samoan Pacific Islander students in SFUSD often express concern they do not feel physically, emotionally or culturally safe and valued at Lowell.” It also says Lowell’s merit-based admissions process has created a school that does “not reflect the diversity of SFUSD students.”&nbsp;

The school board submitted the fast-tracked <a href="https://go.boarddocs.com/ca/sfusd/Board.nsf/files/BXSNFF5F9E6B/$file/Collins%20Lowell%202_Feb%202021.pdf">resolution</a> in response to what they identify as ongoing and pervasive issues of racism and equity at Lowell. The resolution states that “Black, Latinx, and Samoan Pacific Islander students in SFUSD often express concern they do not feel physically, emotionally or culturally safe and valued at Lowell.” It also says Lowell’s merit-based admissions process has created a school that does “not reflect the diversity of SFUSD students.”&nbsp;

Less than two percent of Lowell’s students are Black, and less than 12 percent are Hispanic or Latino. Overall, Black students comprise almost eight percent of SFUSD’s student population, and Latino/Hispanic students comprise 32 percent. Samoan Pacific Islander students are also underrepresented at Lowell, while white and Asian students are overrepresented.

Less than two percent of Lowell’s students are Black, and less than 12 percent are Hispanic or Latino. Overall, Black students comprise almost eight percent of SFUSD’s student population, and Latino/Hispanic students comprise 32 percent. Samoan Pacific Islander students are also underrepresented at Lowell, while white and Asian students are overrepresented.

Families for San Francisco’s preliminary analysis, which uses data from SFUSD’s annual <a href="https://www.sfusd.edu/school-data-reports">Culture/Climate survey</a> and the <a href="https://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/dqcensus/EnrEthLevels.aspx?cds=38684780119958&amp;agglevel=School&amp;year=2019-20">California Department of Education</a>, shows a bird’s eye view of culture and demographic issues across SFUSD’s high schools.

Families for San Francisco’s preliminary analysis, which uses data from SFUSD’s annual <a href="https://www.sfusd.edu/school-data-reports">Culture/Climate survey</a> and the <a href="https://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/dqcensus/EnrEthLevels.aspx?cds=38684780119958&amp;agglevel=School&amp;year=2019-20">California Department of Education</a>, shows a bird’s eye view of culture and demographic issues across SFUSD’s high schools.

The SFUSD Culture/Climate survey tracks how San Francisco’s students of various demographics perceive the schools that they attend. As part of the survey, SFUSD students mark whether they feel favorably or unfavorably towards 1) a “Climate of Support for Academic Learning,” 2) “Knowledge and Fairness of Discipline, Rules and Norms,” 3) a sense of “Safety” and 4) a “Sense of Belonging (School Connectedness)” at their school.

The SFUSD Culture/Climate survey tracks how San Francisco’s students of various demographics perceive the schools that they attend. As part of the survey, SFUSD students mark whether they feel favorably or unfavorably towards 1) a “Climate of Support for Academic Learning,” 2) “Knowledge and Fairness of Discipline, Rules and Norms,” 3) a sense of “Safety” and 4) a “Sense of Belonging (School Connectedness)” at their school.

From the Families for San Francisco analysis—which the group emphasizes is meant to elicit a discussion rather than provide any definitive answers—it appears that Black students report Culture/Climate scores that are lower than the average at the majority of high schools and across all four categories. The report tallies responses from SFUSD’s 2018-2019 school year survey and only looks at high schools.

From the Families for San Francisco analysis—which the group emphasizes is meant to elicit a discussion rather than provide any definitive answers—it appears that Black students report Culture/Climate scores that are lower than the average at the majority of high schools and across all four categories. The report tallies responses from SFUSD’s 2018-2019 school year survey and only looks at high schools.

“This kind of analysis,” said the report’s author Patrick Wolff, a Lowell parent and co-founder of Families for San Francisco, “does seem to help inform what the issues at Lowell are and how to contextualize them throughout the rest of SFUSD.” The group emphasized in an email that its analysis is “only one small piece of a complicated mosaic. …There are many complicated issues involved and many perspectives to consider.”&nbsp;

“This kind of analysis,” said the report’s author Patrick Wolff, a Lowell parent and co-founder of Families for San Francisco, “does seem to help inform what the issues at Lowell are and how to contextualize them throughout the rest of SFUSD.” The group emphasized in an email that its analysis is “only one small piece of a complicated mosaic. …There are many complicated issues involved and many perspectives to consider.”&nbsp;

In the analysis’ evaluation of student responses to the “Safety” category, there is no high school in the SFUSD system at which the score for Black students is significantly above the reported average. At Lowell, Black students report “the lowest sense of safety among demographic subgroups… with scores slightly below the SFUSD HS average,” reads the analysis. (Recently, the Lowell Black Student Union released a list of <a href="https://lowell-blackstudentunion.medium.com/lowell-bsu-2020-2021-demands-339494e24641">23 demands</a>, including the removal of Lowell principal Dacotah Swett at the end of the 2020–2021 school year for “failure to ensure a safe learning environment for Lowell students.”) Meanwhile, Asian and Latino students’ sense of safety is above average at Lowell but below average at schools like Marshall, O’Connell and Wallenberg, according to the analysis. Aside from two outliers, Downtown and Independence, no SFUSD high school meets the average for “Safety” for all demographics.&nbsp;&nbsp;

In the analysis’ evaluation of student responses to the “Safety” category, there is no high school in the SFUSD system at which the score for Black students is significantly above the reported average. At Lowell, Black students report “the lowest sense of safety among demographic subgroups… with scores slightly below the SFUSD HS average,” reads the analysis. (Recently, the Lowell Black Student Union released a list of <a href="https://lowell-blackstudentunion.medium.com/lowell-bsu-2020-2021-demands-339494e24641">23 demands</a>, including the removal of Lowell principal Dacotah Swett at the end of the 2020–2021 school year for “failure to ensure a safe learning environment for Lowell students.”) Meanwhile, Asian and Latino students’ sense of safety is above average at Lowell but below average at schools like Marshall, O’Connell and Wallenberg, according to the analysis. Aside from two outliers, Downtown and Independence, no SFUSD high school meets the average for “Safety” for all demographics.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Black students report a significantly lower score for “Sense of Belonging” at Lowell than most other high schools; only O’Connell and Galileo score lower. Six of SFUSD’s high schools rank below average for “Sense of Belonging” for both Asian and Latino students. In the survey, “Sense of Belonging” is described as “a positive sense of being accepted, valued, and included, by others (teachers and peers) in all school settings.”

Black students report a significantly lower score for “Sense of Belonging” at Lowell than most other high schools; only O’Connell and Galileo score lower. Six of SFUSD’s high schools rank below average for “Sense of Belonging” for both Asian and Latino students. In the survey, “Sense of Belonging” is described as “a positive sense of being accepted, valued, and included, by others (teachers and peers) in all school settings.”

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://content.sfstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-8.09.36-AM.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1821"/><figcaption>In SFUSD’s 2018-2019 survey, Black students reported a significantly lower “Sense of Belonging” than students in other demographics. | Families for San Francisco</figcaption></figure>

The Families for San Francisco report also analyzes the demographic breakdown of SFUSD’s high schools. Its analysis suggests that most of them have significant overrepresentation and underrepresentation by demographic category. Lowell falls in the middle of overall demographic imbalance.

The Families for San Francisco report also analyzes the demographic breakdown of SFUSD’s high schools. Its analysis suggests that most of them have significant overrepresentation and underrepresentation by demographic category. Lowell falls in the middle of overall demographic imbalance.

“Most of the schools are not representative. It was very eye-opening to me just to see graphically just how concentrated different racial demographic groups are at different schools,” said Wolff.

“Most of the schools are not representative. It was very eye-opening to me just to see graphically just how concentrated different racial demographic groups are at different schools,” said Wolff.

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://content.sfstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-8.10.44-AM.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1824"/><figcaption>Families for San Francisco’s demographic analysis shows significant overrepresentation and underrepresentation across SFUSD’s high schools. | Families for San Francisco</figcaption></figure>

Families for San Francisco opposes fast-tracking a change in Lowell&#8217;s admissions criteria, instead hoping the SFUSD will conduct research similar to—but even more comprehensive than—its preliminary analysis.

Families for San Francisco opposes fast-tracking a change in Lowell's admissions criteria, instead hoping the SFUSD will conduct research similar to—but even more comprehensive than—its preliminary analysis.

Families for San Francisco opposes fast-tracking a change in Lowell&#8217;s admissions criteria, instead hoping the SFUSD will conduct research similar to—but even more comprehensive than—its preliminary analysis.

“We think it&#8217;s a very legitimate question whether the merit-based admissions criteria at Lowell best serves the school district,” said Wolff. “But it&#8217;s hard to understand how this could be a decision that&#8217;s been well-informed given how quickly the process is for proposing and implementing it,” he said.

“We think it's a very legitimate question whether the merit-based admissions criteria at Lowell best serves the school district,” said Wolff. “But it's hard to understand how this could be a decision that's been well-informed given how quickly the process is for proposing and implementing it,” he said.

“We think it&#8217;s a very legitimate question whether the merit-based admissions criteria at Lowell best serves the school district,” said Wolff. “But it&#8217;s hard to understand how this could be a decision that&#8217;s been well-informed given how quickly the process is for proposing and implementing it,” he said.

“We think that [SFUSD] should take a careful look at their own data on the culture and climate across various schools. They collect this data; surely they&#8217;re interested in it,” Wolff added.

“We think that [SFUSD] should take a careful look at their own data on the culture and climate across various schools. They collect this data; surely they're interested in it,” Wolff added.

“We think that [SFUSD] should take a careful look at their own data on the culture and climate across various schools. They collect this data; surely they&#8217;re interested in it,” Wolff added.

Mayor Breed unveils $13B budget plan aimed at ‘equitable recovery’

As fire season looms, some SF residents call for more assistance

San Francisco’s elite Lowell High has a serious culture problem. What about other district high schools?

A tale of two cities: Bus stop disparities are stark between city’s northern and southern halves

Tenderloin and Mid-Market improvement plan met with high hopes, and some skepticism

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Mayor Breed unveils $13B budget plan aimed at ‘equitable recovery’

As fire season looms, some SF residents call for more assistance

San Francisco’s elite Lowell High has a serious culture problem. What about other district high schools?

A tale of two cities: Bus stop disparities are stark between city’s northern and southern halves

Tenderloin and Mid-Market improvement plan met with high hopes, and some skepticism